Rifles
IMI Galil (Terrorist Only)

Manufacturer: Israeli Military Industries
Cost: $2000
Ammo Per Clip/Ammo Held in Weapon: 35 rounds
Max Reserved Ammo: 90 Rounds
Special Weapon Function: None
Power: Medium
Range: Medium
Accuracy: Medium-High (Bursts)/Medium-Low (Full Auto)
Ammo: .308 Caliber (35-round mags)
Reload speed: Medium-Fast
Cyclic rate: High
Overview: A highly effective terrorist weapon when money is tight. More controllable recoil when spraying compared to the AK 47, but slightly less damage. Accuracy goes down with range. An all around solid weapon with 5 extra rounds delivering the extra edge you'll need to take out your opponent.
FAMAS (Counter-Terrorist Only)

Manufacturer: Groupement Industriel des Armements Terrestres
Cost: $2250
Ammo Per Clip/Ammo Held in Weapon: 25 rounds
Max Reserved Ammo: 90 Rounds
Special Weapon Function: Three-Round Burst
Power: Medium
Range: Medium
Accuracy: Medium-High (Three-Round Burst)/Low (Full Auto)
Ammo: 5.56mm NATO (25-round mags)
Reload speed: Slow-Medium
Cyclic rate: High
Overview: A low cost rifle for the counter-terrorist. Not a whole lot of power, but the three-round burst makes it suitable for delivering three bullets to your opponent's face fairly accurately, although there is a slight cool-down time between burst, which makes using it dangerous at closer ranges. Better at long ranges than the MP5 due to the burst function, otherwise forget it.
Avtomat Kalashnikov Model 47 (AK-47)

Manufacturer: Kalashnikov
Cost: $2500
Ammo Per Clip/Ammo Held in Weapon: 30 rounds
Max Reserved Ammo: 90 Rounds
Special Weapon Function: None
Power: High
Range: Medium
Accuracy: High (Bursts)/Low (Full Auto)
Ammo: 7.62mm slugs (30-round mags)
Reload speed: Slow-Medium
Cyclic rate: High
Overview: A fast firing but inaccurate weapon for the average terrorist, get in close and take off their head. This weapon may be called inaccurate in some cases (like above), but it is probably one of the most accurate in the game if used correctly. Burst, duck, strafe. Aim for the chest and recoil will earn you a headshot. A deadly weapon.
SG-552 Commando Krieg (Terrorists Only)

Manufacturer: SIG
Cost: $3500
Ammo Per Clip/Ammo Held in Weapon: 30 rounds
Max Reserved Ammo: 90 Rounds
Special Weapon Function: 2x zoom
Power: High
Range: Very long
Accuracy: Medium (Bursts)/Low (Full Auto)
Ammo: 5.56mm slugs (30-round mags)
Reload speed: Slow
Cyclic rate: High
Overview: A huge rate of fire, envied by even the m249, the Commando's accuracy becomes lack luster when you go full auto. Shoot in bursts and/or zoom a lot, to control the your aim.
M4A1 Carbine with Silencer (Counter-Terrorists Only)

Manufacturer: Colt
Cost: $3100
Ammo Per Clip/Ammo Held in Weapon: 30 rounds
Max Reserved Ammo: 90 Rounds
Special Weapon Function: Attach/Detach Silencer
Power: High
Range: Medium
Accuracy: Medium
Ammo: 5.56mm slugs (30-round mags)
Reload speed: Medium
Cyclic rate: High
Overview: One of the most versatile guns in CS, you'll find yourself using this a lot. It's stealthy, semi-accurate, and packs quite a punch. The silencer is optional, but does decrease damage. The pay off, of course, is that you're basically inaudible from a distance.
Steyr AUG A1 (Counter-Terrorists Only)

Manufacturer: Steyr
Cost: $3500
Ammo Per Clip/Ammo Held in Weapon: 30 rounds
Max Reserved Ammo: 90 Rounds
Special Weapon Function: 1.4x zoom
Power: High
Range: High
Accuracy: High-Medium (Bursts)/Low-Medium (Full Auto)
Ammo: 5.56mm slugs (30-round mags)
Reload speed: Medium
Cyclic rate: High
Overview: One of the most powerful Counter-Strike weapons, the AUG is accurate and very deadly, if you've got the money. Perfect for long range combat, whereas the M4A1 is more Close Quarter Battle oriented. This weapon has a good zoom, but don't try firing it at full auto as the scope will simply bounce around.
Scout

Manufacturer: Steyr
Cost: $2750
Ammo Per Clip/Ammo Held in Weapon: 10 rounds
Max Reserved Ammo: 60 Rounds
Special Weapon Function: 2.25x zoom/6x zoom
Power: Medium
Range: Large
Accuracy: High
Ammo: 7.62mm slugs (30-round mags)
Reload speed: Medium
Cyclic rate: Medium
Overview: Need a cheap sniper rifle? Here's your toy! Duck and watch out for AWPers! The weapon isn't amazingly accurate, but a headshot will kill! If you kill someone with a scout, they'll be two things: impressed and disgraced. Arguably the true sniper rifle of CS, if you can own with a scout, you'll dominate with an AWP. The Scout takes skill, practice, and tactics.
Arctic Warfare Magnum (AWP or AWM)

Manufacturer: Accuracy International
Cost: $4750
Ammo Per Clip/Ammo Held in Weapon: 10 rounds
Max Reserved Ammo: 30 Rounds
Special Weapon Function: 2.25x zoom/9x zoom
Power: Very High
Range: Very Large
Accuracy: Very high
Ammo: .338 Lapua (10-round mags)
Reload speed: Medium
Cyclic rate: Low
Overview: This brings the term one-shot-one-kill to life in Counter-Strike, this weapons weak points are it's zoom out period to bolt the weapon, and it's horrible performance in CQB, or Close Quarter Battle. Duck and zoom for full accuracy, but a strafe and stop should get you enough accuracy to get most players. It should be noted that, due to an oversight, this weapon is usually called the AWP, Arctic Warfare Police, but it is actually an AWM, or Arctic Warfare Magnum.
G3/SG-1 Precision Sniper Rifle (Terrorist Only)

Manufacturer: Heckler & Koch
Cost: $5000
Ammo Per Clip/Ammo Held in Weapon: 20 rounds
Max Reserved Ammo: 60 Rounds
Special Weapon Function: 2.25x zoom/6x zoom
Power: Medium-High
Range: Large
Accuracy: Medium
Ammo: 7.62mm slugs (30-round mags)
Reload speed: Slow
Cyclic rate: High
Overview: A semi-accurate, fast firing, and great looking sniper rifle from H&K. Not very accurate but you can get 5 bullets in your opponent before he hits the ground. Just hold down the trigger and let the bullets fly! Though, using it like an AWP with semi-auto firing, is much smarter. It should be noted that against any sort of good sniper/long range shooter, this weapon is entirely useless.
SG-550 Sniper Rifle (Counter-Terrorist Only)

Manufacturer: SIG
Cost: $4200
Ammo Per Clip/Ammo Held in Weapon: 30 rounds
Max Reserved Ammo: 90 Rounds
Special Weapon Function: 2.25x zoom/6x zoom
Power: Medium
Range: Large
Accuracy: Medium
Ammo: 5.56mm slugs (30-round mags)
Reload speed: Slow
Cyclic rate: High
Overview: Less power than the G3/SG-1, a bigger clip, with everything else the same. The AWM is a much better weapon than this when it comes to sniping. Use this weapon for a more supportive assaulter role. Try to pick off assault rifle users from a distance, but be warned: The AWM dominates all.